Health care marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 15

Health care marketing - Essay Example Usually, new businesses that are establishing are more seriously concerned about customers’ satisfaction and actually tend to modify their services to enhance the customers’ experiences, but old companies generally take these surveys just for research and development purposes. It is absolutely true that when an organization responds to the crisis immediately, it manages to set a positive impression on the stakeholders and the public before the bad publicity can have a chance. In every situation of crisis, people want to know what the organization has to say about why the crisis happened and what measures is it taking to reduce its negative implications on the environment and on the society at large. Crisis management and control is essentially an art. It takes right things to be said at the right times to convince the stakeholders that the organization is loyal to them. It is more useful for an organization to say the right things at any time than saying wrong things immediately after crisis, like placing blame on others rather than taking

Juror Organised Highly Conscientious Philosophy Essay

Juror Organised Highly Conscientious Philosophy Essay 12 Angry Men is a story of 12 juries making decision for a boy who have been accused for murdering his own father. A jury not only symbolizes democracy, but also embodies important cultural values which teamwork. The movie, 12 Angry Men clearly depicts how a random group of people can come together for a common goal, and in this case specifically to reach a final verdict. Each member possesses specific personality traits and diverse backgrounds that affect the decision making process. In the beginning, eleven juries out of twelve voted guilty. Only Juror No.8 voted the boy is not guilty. Juror 8 thought that they should re-examine the evidences again and not simply make decision on the boys life within five minutes. All of them agreed to speak out their opinions about the case. Most of them voted guilty based on the evidences and testimonials by the witnesses. 2.0 Personalities According to the Gordon Allport, personality is the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychological systems that determine his unique adjustment to his environment In other words, the ways in which a person reacts or interacts with others. Actually, it is the mixture of characteristics or traits that form a persons character and makes the person unique from another. In the movie 12 Angry Men the twelve juries got twelve different personalities. Hence, by using the personality traits models, like Big Five Model we have analyzed what kind of personalities they fall into. 2.1 Juror#1- Responsible, Conscientiousness Firstly, Juror #1 was the leader (foreman) of the twelve jury board. Throughout the discussion on whether the boy who was accused as a murderer of his father is guilty or not, he acted as a responsible leader. We discover that he handled situation in an organized way, for example- at start he suggested everyone to sit by their numbers and after that when everyone was settled on their seats he explained what they are supposed to do, and also when Juror#12 was distracted from his responsibility as a juror, Juror#1 reminded him his reason to be in the juror board. So, this proves that he has high conscientiousness. Furthermore, his agreeableness is also quite high as he considered others opinion about voting at first and keeping everyones view in front according to jury numbers and so on. In addition, his emotional stability is high, he was calm throughout the discussion even when 10th Juror questioned his leadership by asking him to stop treating them as kids, he did not raise his voic e too much but he just offered Juror#10 to take over his position. 2.2 Juror#2- Mild Openness to Idea It was the first time as a juror for Juror#2, so he was at first clueless about how thing works in a juror discussion. He was not very comfortable to voice out his ideas about why he thinks the boy is guilty, he just believes the evidences and the words he heard from the case. It gives the idea that his openness to new things is not high; he is not autonomous when taking decision. But he got more involved as the discussion goes on after a while and when the Juror#8 was showing out his doubt about the truth of the evidence, Juror#2 took notice of the logic behind the doubts and eventually supported Juror#8. 2.3 Juror#3- Stubborn Next, Juror#3 was the one who changed his vote to not guilty in the end. His stubbornness made him stick towards voting guilty throughout the discussion. He did not want to listen to any opinion other than his; he also denied the facts that make the evidences doubtful, this makes him low on agreeableness. Furthermore, he is low on conscientiousness as he did not feel responsible for the boys life, he thought that the courtroom was sleepy, people are talking too much when the case was obvious, and it is just a waste of time and money for him, even when the Juror#8 was giving out his view instead of listening carefully why Juror#8 thought the boy might not be guilty Juror#3 was playing with Juror#12. Next, he also lost his temper when Juror#8 was convincing others with his reasons of having doubt on the evidences and the number of vote for not guilty was increasing, he yelled at those who changed their mind, he was emotionally unstable. 2.4 Juror#4- Organised, Highly Conscientious Now, we move to Juror#4. He gives an impression of a very professional and organized person because he supported his view about the boy being guilty with facts and logic, without simply just saying guilty because the court said so. Despite that, he is highly conscientious as he took his duty as juror seriously. He was emotionally stable and opens to others opinion. He was not influenced by others, when making decisions he was independent, rational and calm. He changed his vote only after Juror#8 and Juror#9 gave him enough evidence (e.g. remembering the movie name, marks of spectacles on the womans nose) to doubt his decision over the kid as the murderer. However, at the beginning of the discussion he showed a little negative thinking about the slum and the people who live there by saying He was born in a slum. Slums are breeding grounds for criminals, I know as a view its no secret. 2.5 Juror#5- Introvert Next, Juror#5 shared the same background in terms of environment and culture in which, the boy who was accused to be murderer grew up. He was not comfortable to judge the boy and also did not want to give reason behind his vote at first. He showed the symptoms of an introvert person. Later on when he connected the evidence with his own experience and when he was offended by having a background that was born in a slum, he changed his vote to not guilty. 2.6 Juror#6- Simple When we come to Juror#6, we can know that he was a simple man. When it was his time to give his opinion on the cause of voting guilty he simply said there was a motive like every murder case and the picture presented in the court makes it obvious that the boy killed his father, he could not argue with the fact Juror#8 brought in front of him then. He just agrees with the court decision. He never became hyper throughout the meeting; he tried to stop whenever people got into fight just like Juror#4. In the movie we could also see his feeling of responsibility towards the old man. 2.7 Juror#7- Irresponsible, Irrational We realized that Juror#7 was the most irresponsible and irrational. He wanted the discussion to finish as fast as possible so that he could go to watch a baseball match. To him, the life of a person was like a child play to him. He did not fulfill his responsibility as a jury which makes him low on conscientiousness. He related the boys past offences to judge him as guilty. 2.8 Juror#8- High in conscientiousness, Emotionally Stable Next, Juror#8 is the most important character in the story, because of him everybody started to think the case from a what if situation. He felt responsible for the boys life, he presented his opinion with logic, he thought about the reliability of the evidence presented in the court, he put a lot of effort to show the leaks in the evidences (e.g. the knife, the old man testimony about seeing the boy running down the stairs, women who saw the murder from a moving train). This proves he is high on conscientiousness. He was emotionally stable even though he was frequently questioned about his decision. Just once he lost temper for a bit because Juror#3 was not paying attention to his talk. 2.9 Juror#9- Old, Timid, Low Confidence Level The negative personalities can be detected through Juror#9. He is very old and afraid to voice out his thought. His confidence level is low as he does not have the strength to argue with the other juries who were younger than him. He was threatened by Juror#10. At a point of time he wished he was younger to voice out his argument. However, he is a very good observer. He was the second not guilty voter. He changed his vote when he saw Juror#8s view connects with his observation. His observing quality supported Juror#8s doubt about the evidences throughout. His decision making was based on intuition where he himself also not sure whether the story told by the defendant was true or not. He just thinks that they need to discuss further before sending the defendant for the execution. 2.10 Juror#10- Hyper, Emotionally Unstable The most emotional character was Juror#10 as he was the most hyper, emotionally unstable person in the group. He did not want to hear any argument that contradicts with his opinion about the boy, he shouted, yelled at those who thought the boy was not guilty. His judgment was discriminative. He referred the boy as trash, animals, drugged up person who do not care about peoples life and kill them without having any proper reason; he is just like other people who grow up in the slum. 2.11 Juror#11- Introvert In contrast to Juror#10, Juror#11 has an introvert personality. He was not noticeable at the beginning of the movie. During the time of voting he raised up his hand with some hesitation after seeing the majority were raising hands to vote as guilty. At first he observed Juror#8, Juror#9 and Juror#5s logic in voting not guilty then he changed his vote and started to share his opinion. He was open towards the facts presented by Juror#8, 9 and 10. Although he was calm all the way but when Juror#7 changed his vote to not guilty without giving any proper reason he burst out in anger seeing that childishness over a serious matter. This also shows that Juror#11 is conscientious. 2.12 Juror#12- Extrovert Lastly, Juror#12 at the beginning tried to interact with other juries; it shows that he is an extrovert. But when the discussion started he did not expressed much, instead he was carried away with his own personal job. His agreeableness level was high. He did not have his own thinking or opinion on the case; he was easily distracted by the two parties (guilty and not guilty) in the discussion. When majority vote for guilty, then he raises his hand. He was unsure about his own decision. This decision making may be affected by his high agreeableness personalities that caused him to listen, or even follow others opinion without own judgment. 3.0Values Actually, values were developed from a belief that people hold in. Hence, value is defined as specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence. Normally, they contain a judgmental element in that they carry an individuals ideas as to what is right, good, or desirable. We realize values are important in this movie because they contain jurors interpretations of right and wrong. We will classify and interpret the values found in each characters of 12 Angry Mens using Rokeach Value Survey which is consists of terminal values and instrumental values. 3.1 Juror#1-Equal Opportunity As we know, foreman should be fairer and stress on equality. Juror#1 is the foreman of the jury. He has terminal value of equality which is equal opportunity for all juries to vote. He is serious about his authoritative role and wants to be as fair as possible to everyone. He offers everyone an equal opportunity to vote and speak out their opinion whether the boy guilty or not guilty. He also has instrumental values of broad-minded. He is open-minded in listening and accepting every jurors opinion. For instance, he accepted the proposal of Juror#8 to have a round of secret vote. His broad-minded values also affected his decision making. He vote for guilty at first, but with the reasonable doubt with all the evidence, he shift to not guilty at last. His decision making was quiet rational and did not shift too often as what Juror#12 did. 3.2 Juror#2-Polite Juror#2 is a quiet man who is easily persuaded by the opinions of others and cannot explain the roots of his opinions. He has instrumental values of polite. He is trying to voice out his own opinion with polite way. His politeness can be seen through the discussion process where he kept one asking question in a polite manner and gain respect from other Jurors. 3.3 Juror#3- Capable, Courageous Now we move to another instrumental value, which are capable and courageous. Juror#3 has instrumental values of capable and courageous. He stands up for his belief that the boy is guilty based on the facts such as the switchblade used as the murder weapon and evidence from the witness. However, his strong belief on the defendant must guilty was also influenced by his bad relationship with his son who hit and left him, which thus lead him to be irrational in analyzing the reasonable doubt for those evidences and decisions made. 3.4 Juror#4-Logical, Broad-Minded Juror#4 has instrumental values of logical and broad-minded. He logically related his decision with the evidences. On the other hand, he is also able to listen to other juries opinion. He was convinced by Juror#9 that the witness across the road may not really see what is happening at the murder place. He tries to support his own decision by further analysis of the facts with logical ways. 3.5 Juror#5-Forgiving, Logical Next, we can find instrumental value of forgiving on Juror#5. Although he got offended when Juror#3 and Juror#10 criticizing him on his background, however he is still willing to forgive them. Witnessing knife fights and normal slum behaviour, he feels obligated to explain an experience that would later help the jurors vote not guilty. The ability to link his experience of knife fights and normal slum behaviour to this case whereby the defendant is also from slum shows that Juror#5 has instrumental value of intelligence in his thinking. 3.6 Juror#6-Respect, Loving Now let us move to Juror#6 who has terminal values of respect and instrumental values of loving. He respects Juror#9 which is the eldest among them. He tries to let Juror#9 has the chance to voice out his opinion. Juror#6 bravely stands up to Juror #3 when he speaks rudely to Juror #9, threatening to hit Juror #3 if he ever speaks to the old man like that again. 3.7 Juror#7-Pleasure, Cheerful Meanwhile, terminal values of pleasure and instrumental values of cheerful are clearly shown on Juror#7. He is a baseball fan. He bought two tickets to watch live baseball game on that particular day. During the break time of the discussion, everyone was tensed with how things going to be as a jury, but he still could talk with others cheerfully. 3.8 Juror#8-Logical, Responsible Juror#8 has instrumental values of logical and responsible. He does not believe the evidence that presented by lawyer. He analyzed evidence by using logic. For instance, he questioned on the old man who claimed himself had taken fifteen seconds from his bedroom to rush to his front door and gotten a look on the murderer. He does not simply make a decision that may destroy the boys life. He feels that as one of the Juror, he has the responsibility to make a right decision. This is clearly shown when he first voted not guilty because he wants further discussion and not to decide the defendants life just within five minutes without any further discussion. Majority were trying to give some pressure to the Juror#8 for his odd decision. But the pressure could not shake off his decision; he stood strong with his own decision which was affected by his values. 3.9 Juror#9-Intellectual, Logical Follow with Juror#9 who has instrumental values of intellectual and logical. Although he is the eldest among them still he paid a lot of attention during the trial and looked into detailed on every witness. He convinced Juror#4 on the reasonable doubt on the woman has deep marks on her nose, which means she is wearing spectacles and might not be able to see clearly on the murder case that happened across the road with train passed by and just got up from bed which is not putting on her spectacles. This shows how he used his intelligence and observance in daily life in this case. 3.10 Juror#10-Courageous Next, Juror#10 has instrumental value of courageous. He is standing up for his belief that with the background of the boy comes from, which is born in a slum, the boy must be guilty. This has become his prejudice which caused him fail to think and decide rationally on whether the boy is guilty or not. Besides that, Juror#10 also has terminal value of self-respect. He holds very high esteem not to be someone from the slums. Juror#10s decision making was affected by his perceptions towards the background of the defendant which occurred from his self-esteem values that want to be differentiated from people of that background. 3.11 Juror#11-Responsible Instrumental value of responsible can be found on Juror#11. He felt the responsibility being juror to give the correct judgment on the defendant and believe in justice. Besides that, Juror#11 also has instrumental value of logical. He is observant with the facts and changed his vote to not guilty due to the doubt on whether the defendant would have reasonably fled the scene and come back three hours later to retrieve his knife. His decision is based on logical thinking about how a normal people might act after committing a murder. 3.12 Juror#12-An Exciting Life Lastly, Juror#12 has terminal value of having an exciting life. He involves actively in social activities and his work. However, this has caused him often distracted during the discussion of the jury. 4.0 Attitude Attitudes are evaluative statements or judgments concerning objects, people, or events. Attitudes give warnings of potential problems and influence behavior. Attitudes have three components which are cognitive (evaluation), affective (feeling), and behavioral (action). In this movie, most of the jurors have a positive attitude that the boy is guilty. They believe that the evidences are solid, which is the cognitive component for their attitude. Following with this, the affective component of their behaviour were set up whereby they feel the boy is guilty. Subsequently, it affected their behaviour component and they voted the boy is guilty. Conversely, Juror#8 has a different attitude compared to other Juries. He thinks there are a lot of reasonable doubts in the evidences yet no one questioned the validity of those evidences in the court. This has become the cognitive component for his negative attitude towards the boy is guilty. He feels that the boy might not be guilty, which is the affective component of his attitude. Because of this, he voted the boy as not guilty and wants to have a discussion with other jurors on the evidences. 5.0 Emotion and Mood After discussing the personality and values depicted by the 12 Angry Men, emotion and moods are two other important variables that affect decision making process. Actually, emotions are intense feelings directed at someone or something while moods are less intense feelings than emotions and often lack a contextual stimulus. In addition, emotions are reactions to a person or an event but moods usually are not directed at a person or an event (Robbins, S.P. Judge, T.A. (2013) Organizational Behavior). In 12 Angry Men movie, decisions making of 12 juries whether that young boy guilty or not guilty are always affected by their emotions and moods. Thus, having a stable emotion is necessary for them to make a rational decision. 5.1 Juror#1- Mood: Neutral to Bad; Emotion: Frustration Juror#1 is the foreman of the jury and he shows his leadership at first and neutral mood. However, he gets frustrated when other jurors questioned his leadership. He wants to be as fair as possible and try to maintain a relaxed and calm mood when discussion is going on. Luckily, he was able to regulate back his emotion to normal state and facilitate the discussion at the mid. 5.2 Juror#2- Mood: Anxious; Emotion: Nervous On the other hand, Juror#2 is a quiet and the most timid guy in the group. Having his first time to deliberate in such jury case made him anxious and fear to voice out his opinion. He was easily persuaded by other jurors due to his lack of self confidence. Besides, he also failed to explain the roots of his opinion that grounded his decision at the beginning. However, his courage to voice out his opinion has been mounting as the discussion goes further. 5.3 Juror#3- Mood: Bad; Emotion: Angry Let us move to the main antagonist of the movie, Juror#3. Juror#3 is a person who quick to lose his temper. His was having a bad mood since the beginning when he complains on the lawyers talked for so long even on such an obvious case. He gets angry when Juror#8 and other members disagree with his opinions, and his anger becomes stronger when other jurors change their vote from guilty to not guilty. He believes that the defendant is absolutely guilty until the very end of the play. His emotion gets affected in this case because he has poor relationship with his own son, which causes him to have biased views. Being in angry emotion and biased views has caused him irrational in making decision on guilty and not guilty for the defendant until the very end of the movie. His decision making was based on his own experience that does not related much to the trial. 5.4 Juror#4- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm We realize that Juror#4 is a logical and well-spoken stockbroker. Being rational while maintaining his calm mood allowed him to have the most stable emotion throughout the discussion and able to discuss and make decisions rationally. For instance, he urges fellow jurors to avoid emotional arguments and engage in rational discussion. When one of the jurors says this is not an exact science, he does not take into account the feelings, the passions and the characters of the people involved in the case. Other than that, most of the jurors mood has been affected and they got frustrated easily as they were staying in a no air-conditioned room in a hot sunny day. Yet, under this hot environment, he is the only juror that does not take his jacket off and always adapt for logical thinking and able to make reasonable decision. 5.5 Juror#5- Mood: Anxious to Neutral; Emotion: Nervous Next, Juror#5 has an anxious mood when expressing his opinion especially in front of the elder members of the group. He is under emotional stress because of having the same background with the boy which is growing up in the slums. This appears one of the main reasons for him voting guilty at first because he does not want compassion to influence his decision. However as the trial goes on he is able to gain more confident to voice out his opinion and sharing his experience on knife fights and normal slum behaviour that convinced other jurors there is reasonable doubt on the evidences. This makes him emotionally more stable and his mood also back to neutral. Juror#5s decision was affected by his emotion whereby at first he passes his chance to give reason why he voted guilty for the trial which maybe feeling of ashamed for having the same background with the defendant that is living in slum, uneducated and bad environmental where knife fighting was just a common phenomena. 5.6 Juror#6- Mood: A little tensed; Emotion: Calm Juror#6 is a regular employee that has high agreeableness to others. He has little tense mood because of everyone in the room is better qualified than him in making decisions and offering explanations and opinions. However he has a stable emotion that enables him to see the good in others. 5.7 Juror#7- Mood: Good to Bad; Emotion: Frustration Juror#7 is the only one that really has no opinion on this case. This can be shown by when he follows others suggestion and changes his vote easily just because he wants to go back home early. One of the sources of emotions and mood which is social activities has influenced his mood throughout the discussion. He felt happy at the beginning as he could go to watch live baseball game. However, his mood turned down and get frustrated when the discussion takes longer. His emotion and decision making was distracted by the baseball game as he wanted to speed things up a bit so he can be out of the jury room as soon as possible to enjoy his baseball game. 5.8 Juror#8- Mood: Neutral to Good; Emotion: Determined and Calm In contrast to Juror#7, Juror#8 stands firm on his decision grounded with his reasonable doubt on the evidences. Juror#8 is a caring man and he feels the responsibility to care about the boys life. Maintaining a stable emotion enables Juror#8 have a logical mind and able to make a rational decision. He has put more thoughts into the case than any other jurors which make him able to prove and explain the situation in different ways to persuade other jurors change their vote. For example, he bought the same knife used as murder weapon that is not ordinary and tried to prove the reasonable doubts on those witnesses such as the old man who drags one foot when he walks because of stroke, able to rush to the front door from his bedroom which is quite distance away in fifteen seconds and managed to look on the murderer. Juror#8 also has high emotional intelligence in this movie that he always shows the right feeling and knows how to control his own emotion even every other juror has voted g uilty but he is the only one to vote not guilty at the first. Besides that, Juror#8 urges others to be patience with the discussion and contemplate the details of the case. 5.9 Juror#9- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm Next, Juror#9 is a wise old man with his great life experience and he has quite a unique way of looking at this case. His calm and relaxed mood allows him to think logically and be a good observer. He is the first one who realizes the woman, who testified that she saw the murder, had deep marks on the side of her nose and it means she wears glasses. This has put on reasonable doubt that the woman who just got out from bed may not wearing glasses, and thus it is likely for her not able to see clearly the murder across the road. He has high positive mood which is alert. For instance, he is the first to openly recognize Juror#10s racist attitude, stating that What this man says is very dangerous. 5.10 Juror#10- Mood: Bad; Emotion: Angry Let us proceed to Juror#10. Juror#10 is the most horrifying character in this movie. He tries to force his opinion of guilty to other jurors and gets angry easily when other jurors opinion is not same with him. He votes guilty and does not even try to hide the fact that he does so because of the boys social background. He has a strong stereotyping attitude and this stopped him to think rationally and voted the boy guilty just because of the boys background. This has lead to other jurors turning their back on him near the end of the movie after his outburst that shows his prejudice on the defendant. 5.11 Juror#11- Mood: Neutral; Emotion: Calm When we come to Juror#11, we know that he is an immigrant watchmaker. He believes in justice and feels he is responsible to make the correct judgment for the case. He tries to keep himself calm and relaxed throughout the discussion. This stable emotion allows him able to look at both sides of the problem. However, Juror#11 lost his temper once when he was horrified by juror#7 who voted not guilty just because want to make the trial ends as soon as possible. 5.12 Juror#12- Mood: Anxious; Emotion: Nervous Eventually, Juror#12 is an arrogant and impatient advertising executive. He has an anxious mood for the discussion to be over so that he can get back to his career and his social life. His decision gets affected by his nervous mood. This can be shown by when he change his vote easily just to follow majority and do not have his own opinion. 6.0 Other Variables That Affects Decision Making Process 6.1 Hot Environment Besides the abovementioned variables like personality, values, attitudes, emotions and moods, external factor do affect the decision making process also. One of the most prominent external factors is the environment for the discussion room. When all the jurors entered the discussion room, they found that the room was hot due to the breakdown of the air-conditioner. As a result, all the jurors just kept on finding ways to make the rooms more ventilated instead of seeking for discussion. So, the morale of all jurors has been lowered down by the hot and non-conducive environment and affects the discussion process. Definitely, they would just hope that the discussion may be ended up quickly and this drives them to make illogical decision. 6.2 Stereotype Next, the shortcut of stereotyping people used by the eleven jurors except Juror #8 in judging the suspected murderer will affect the decision making process too. Juror #3 has related his son with the suspected murder attitude. In fact, the Juror#3 did not get along with the suspected murderer attitude. He said that How kids are nowadays. He mentioned that he had a bad relationship with his son after his son hit him. Following his bad experiences, Juror#3 perceived that all teenagers were rebellious and will attack his own father. So, his stereotyping attitude has affected his decision making process and made him stressing that The boy is guilty. Another prominent stereotyping judgment can be discovered through the accusation of Juror#10 that the boy was deemed to be guilty was due to his family background. He cited that the suspected murders slum background as the evidence for him to kill his father. Undoubtedly, this stereotyping attitude will affect their decision making especiall y Juror#3 and Juror#5 and vote the boy to be guilty. 6.3 Bounded Rationality and positive Intuition Apart from those discussed variables, Juror#8 has exhibited the positive elements in making rational decision. The positive elements are bounded rationality and positive intuition. Juror#8 has constructed simplified models model that extract the essential features from problems without capturing the complexities. For example, Juror#8 has questioned about the validity of the old mans testimonial. Hence, he extracted the essential features that Can the old man who had suffered a stroke and could only walk slowly, gotten to the door to see the suspected murderer ran to the downstairs in fifteen second? in a clear manner. Furthermore, the Juror#8 also has portrayed positive intuition that mentioned that he felt the boy will not kill his father and there is a doubt about the validity of the witnesss testimonial. He once told other Juror You dont believe the boy, then why you believe the women? 6.4 Overconfidence bias However, there are several decision biases and errors happened throughout the hot discussion among those 12 angry Jurors. The first common bias shown by majority of Jurors except 8th Juror is overconfidence bias. This can be evidence through the opening of the scene where majority of the Jurors were complaining and presuming the obvious guilt of the suspected murderer. Most of them were overconfidence that the defendant had definitely killed his father. Besides that, when there was a new doubt arose like switchable knife that was not as unique as the Juror mention, most of them just upset that they were still arguing the facts and cannot go home. Hence, their overconfidence about defendant was the murderer causes them could not have a rational discussion and develop reasonable doubt. Luckily, there was 8th Juror tried to lead the team to the rational path. 6.5 Anchoring Bias Furthermore, we can detect numerals biases rooted in the mind of the Juror#3. Fro

Rosa Parks :: essays research papers

Racism and prejudice has been a problem in the United States for along time. Poeple have been denied human rights such as getting a fair trial, eating in resturants, or sitting in what ever seat they want in a public bus. In 1955 a woman named Rosa Parks took a stand on a public bus in Montgomery Alabama. She refused to give her seat to a white man and was arrested for not doing so. She was scared of the discrimination of the Jim Crow laws. Jim Crow laws were laws were intended to keep blacks from mixing with whites. IN the Jim Crow laws blacks were required to give thier seats to whites if there were no more seats. This is what happened to Rosa parks on December 1 1955. On her way home from work she refused to give her seat to a white man and got arrested. Even though she knew what the consequences were, she decided to take a stand. She knew that she would be arrested, but she decided that she would try to make a change. Rosa Parks stand was so significant that she is called t he mother of the civil rights movement. Her arrest made everyone boycott public busses. Led by Martin Luther King for 381 days blacks carpooled, walked, or found other ways of getting around. Despite the harassment the boycott continued and was extremely successful. The bus company suffered from the loss of fares, but did not desegregate its busses. In 1965, the case was brought to court, and segregation of busses was ruled unconstitutional, the busses were officially desegregated on December 21, 1956. The movement Rosa Parks started caused the Civil Rights act of 1964 to be passed and the Voting Rights act of 1965. She was elected secretary of the Montgomery branch of the National Advancement of

The Vicks business in India

1. 0 Name and description of company for which marketing plan is being developed. A brand of Proctor & Gamble (P&G), Vicks is India’s No. 1 Cough & Cold Brand. It created the cough & cold Over-the-Counter (OTC) category in India way back in 1952 and has led the category till date. Today it has completed almost 60 years in India. Its current portfolio in India comprises Vicks Vapor, Vicks Cough Drops, Vicks Action 500 Extra, Vicks Inhaler and Vicks VapoCool. Vicks has been rated as the #1 cough & cold brand trusted by doctors. The Vicks business in India is the biggest in the ASEAN-Australasia-India (AAI) region and the second biggest in the world after USA. Over the years, Vicks has launched several heart-tugging advertising campaigns, some of which were – the ‘Happy Birthday Mummy’, ‘Touch Therapy’, ‘6 symptom’ campaigns for Vicks VapoRub, the ‘Khich Khich Dooor Karo’ ad for Vicks Cough Drops and the ‘Haan Bhai Haan’ ad for Vicks Action 500. All variants of Vicks have continued to be consumer favourites over the years 1. 1 HISTORY. In 1890, pharmacist Lunsford Richardson took over the retail drug business of his brother-in-law Dr. Joshua Vick, of Greensboro, North Carolina. [1] After Dr. Joshua Vick saw an ad for Vick's Seeds, Lunsford Richardson began marketing Vick’s Family Remedies. [1] The basic ingredients of the range included castor oil, liniment, ‘dead shot' vermifuge. [1] The most popular remedy was Croup and Pneumonia Salve, which was first compounded in 1891, in Greensboro. It was introduced in 1905 with the name Vick's Magic Croup Salve and rebranded as VapoRub in 1912 at the instigation of Smith Richardson, Lunsford's oldest son[1]  ; Smith had gained valuable sales and marketing experience while working for a period in New York and Massachusetts after attending college. Smith Richardson assumed the presidency of the company in 1919 upon his father's death. The flu epidemic of 1918 increased sales of VapoRub from $900,000 to $2. 9 million in just one year. In 1948, Edward Mabry became president of Vicks (the first outside the Richardson family), then known as the Vicks Chemical Company. In 1985, it was sold to Procter & Gamble and Procter & Gamble has since marketed the product as â€Å"The only thing more powerful than a mother's touch. † The company archives (including related personal records of the Richardson family) from at least about 1920 or so, up to the 1985 sale to Procter & Gamble, are housed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. 1. 2 Products offered by the company: VicksVapoRub-Is a Decongestant Vaporizing Ointment for topical use. – Ayurvedic medicine. Vicks CoughDrops-Is a Cough Drop that provides relief from throat irritation. Ayurvedic medicine. VicksAction500Extra-Is a Colds Medicine for relief of multiple cold symptoms such as blocked nose (nasal congestion), headache, bodyache, sore throat pain and associated lethargy. Vicks Inhaler- Inhaler for a feeling of relief from stuffy nose. Ayurvedic medicine. It is easy to carry in a pocket or purse. Provides fast and temporary feeling of relief from stuffy nose. Inhale deeply to make breathing feel clear and cool. Vicks VapoCool-This is the latest offering from Vicks in India. Launched in Oct 2011, it is a new premium throat drop specially formulated to provide 2 way relief which soothes the throat and relieves blocked nose at the same time. It is currently available in two flavours viz. Menthol & Peppermint. 2. 0 Description of product for which we will develop marketing Plan Vicks VapoRub vicks vaporub ointment is a mentholated topical cream manufactured by Vicks, intended to assist with minor medical conditions that temporarily impair breathing, including the common cold. It is applied to the chest, often immediately before sleeping. VapoRub is currently manufactured and packaged in India and Mexico. In Germany it is sold under the name WICK VapoRub. Vicks VapoRub has endeared itself to the Indian consumer and finds its place in every Indian home, due to its proven performance over the years against cold. Vicks VapoRub provides safe and effective multi-symptom relief from the six symptoms of cold, namely – blocked nose, cough, body ache, headache, muscle-stiffness and breathing difficulty due to cold. The medicinal properties of Vicks VapoRub’s natural ingredients – Nilgiri (Eucalyptus Oil), Pudina (Menthol) and Kapoor (Camphor) provide effective relief from these six symptoms of cold. Vicks VapoRub is available in four pack sizes of 50gm jar, 25gm jar, 10 gm dibbi and a 5 gm dibbi. 3. 0 Objectives of the marketing plan for which you will develop a marketing plan. Our objective is to set an alternate strategy to * Provide reinforcement of the product as it has already at maturity stage of PLC. * Increase the market penetration of vicks vaporub . The total business of Vicks Vaporub depends upon the winter season. If there is no winter, there is no requirement of any product of Vicks, therefore another objective of the marketing plan would be to increase market share by the winter of 2012 from the existing market share. 4. 0 List of specific background information needed to complete the plan * We have to determine current market share of vicks vaporub through secondary data analysis. * We have to determine the current strategy followed by vicks vaporub in India? We will try to find out Potential demand for vicks vaporub in the market * Core competencies of vicks vaporub * We will try to identify who are the direct and the indirect competitors for our product. * What are side effects by vicks vaporub and the methods to tackle it? * How the communication strategy vicks vaporub is has in India? * How is the current distribution channel vicks vaporub has in India? * Identify if a change is required in current pricing strategy? * SWOT analysis of vicks vaporub ? 5. 0. List of possible information sources to answer each questions listed in 4. 1. www. vicks. co. in 2. www. ijrcm. org. in International Journal of Research in commerce, IT and Management.VICKS VAPORUB – MOTHER’S TOUCH THERAPY: A CASE STUDY-by RAJNI KAMBOJ 3. http://books. google. co. in/books Brand Positioning: Strategies for Competitive Advantage -by Subroto Sengupta 4. We w ill try get more information by data collection and analysis through personal Interview as well as survey. 6. 0 List of activities/tasks necessary to complete the marketing plan. secondary data analysis * questionnaire preparation * data collection * Use of various statistical tools for the data analysis * Finally we will formulate a Strategy based on the analysis and interpretation of the results of the above activities. Sr No. | Topic | Page No. | 1. 0| Name and description of company for which marketing plan is being developed| 1| 1. 1| History| 1| 1. 2| Products offered by the company| 2| 2. 0| Description of product for which we will develop marketing Plan| 3| 3. 0| Objectives of the marketing plan for which you will develop a marketing plan. 4| 4. 0| List of specific background information needed to complete the plan| 4| 5. 0| List of possible information sources to answer each questions listed in 4. 0| 5| 6. 0| List of activities/tasks necessary to complete the marketing Plan | 6| 7. 0| Estimated time table for completion of all activities| 7| | | | 8. 0| Mission| 8| 9. 0| Macro Environment| 8| 10. 0| Industry Analysis| 11| 11. 0| Competition| 14| | | | 12. 0| Market Segment| 22| 13. 0| Target Segment| 23| 14. 0| Positioning| 23| 8. 0 Mission 8. 1 Mission Statement We will provide branded products and services of superior quality and value that improve the lives of the world's consumers. As a result, consumers will reward us with leadership sales, profit, and value creation, allowing our people, our shareholders, and the communities in which we live and work to prosper. 8. 2 Principal objectives for starting the business. Vicks cares about people, whether they are ill and trying to get better,  or well and trying to stay that way. So we create respiratory products and services that treat the symptoms and nurture the body. . 0 Macro Environment: 9. 1 In what ways will changes in the general levels of national economic activities affect your business over the next three to five years? * The Indian economy is emerging with remarkable rapidity from the Slowdown caused by the global financial crisis of 2007-09. * Backed by a rise in the domestic savings and investment rates, a revival of growth in agriculture and resilience in the manufacturing an d services sector, India has displayed a great recovery post the global slowdown. * However, persistent inflationary environment remains a Big challenge. The rise in demand coupled with strong supply bottlenecks is a catalyst for inflation * If the GDP goes higher and the purchasing power of the lower and middle class increases, there might not be a shift of preference of Vicks product because most of Vicks products have low prices. Our Product is usually basic need; it does not give you the sense of pride or usage glamour. So there might be one bottle in every house hold but the sales of Vicks will not increase much, unless they take up serious rejuvenating action on the brand and its 4 p aspects. Since Vicks is not a costly product the general level of economic activities will not have a very big impact on the sales of the product. 9. 1 Will changes in your local economy affect our business? Factors such as tax increase or fuel price fluctuation will affect the business or allow competition to creep in ,However Vicks has tackled such problems in the past by considerably reducing its cost of marketing and distribution. Moreover the loyal customers will still buy it not only because it is comparatively lesser priced but because they know it is quality, best value for price the pay to buy it. . 2 Do you foresee any competitors from overseas? The threat of competitors from overseas is very low because there are already many products in this sector by the same company and it is not easy for the outside competitors to come and take the market share because the maximum market is taken by products from Vicks like Vicks vaporub, Vicks action 500 etc. and the trust that is already built by these products is not easy to be break. We don’t see any competitors from outside into this industry. 9. 3 The legislations that will affect your business. OTC Drugs' in common jargon means drugs which are legally allowed to be sold Over the Counter without the prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner. The term is clumsy and creates a wrong impression about the official status of the drugs. In India, import, manufacture for sale and the sale and distribution of drugs and cosmetics is regulated by the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and its subordinate legislation Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945. The phrase ‘Over the Counter' and its abbreviation ‘OTC' preparations have no legal recognition and are better referred to as ‘non-prescription drugs' and/or as ‘household remedies'. . 4 Will demographic changes affect your business? Age: Initially Vicks was targeted on children’s but later on company found it used by adults as well. Sinus patients also are targeted customer. Income: Since the product is not so costly so income doesn’t play major role in the purchasing the product. Vicks Vaporub is of fered in 5gm -50gm dibbi to cater to the needs across all segments of the society. Gender: Both Male and females can use the product Location: Certain geographic locations such as Colder regions, high altitude or hill stations will also have more have an effect on sales of Vicks Vaporub. 0. 0 Industry Analysis: 10. 1 Potential rate of growth of national industry. According to a survey done by ORG IMS estimate the OTC market in India would show rates of about 10-12%, of the entire OTC market the segment for cough, cold and fever show the least of about 1%. 10. 2 Ease of entry of new firms into industry. Industries vary with respect to the ease with which new sellers can enter them. The barriers to entry is one of the advantage Vicks Vaporub has already established in an industry that has a potential entrant. Such a barrier is generally measurable by the extent to which established sellers can persistently elevate their selling prices above minimal average costs without attracting new sellers. The economics of this industry is in such a way that new entrants would have to be able to command a substantial share of the market before they could operate profitably. 10. 3 Intensity of Competition among firms Vicks Vaporub already commanding a superior share of market, intensity of competition is considerably low. Moreover the constituents and benefits of the competitor products being almost the same. 10. Degree of product substitutability. It can be easily substituted since even the competitors products constitutes almost similar formula and act on similar symptoms ,Moreover it could also be substituted by Ayurvedha or allopathic remedies or homemade remedies. 10. 5 Degree of dependency of complementary or supporting products. Increased demand from pharma and other consuming industries mainly have been the cause for the recent increase the prices of menthol which is a major ingredient of Vicks Vaporub . The increased prices of Menthol will surely have affect on the cost of production of Vicks Vaporub. 0. 6 Degree of bargaining power This ‘over the counter’ medication is always a seller market as the customers won’t go for any bargaining for over the counter products. And the vicks loyalists don’t have any complaints about the accessibility or affordability of their favorable brand – a boon in the extremely price sensitivity Indian market. The product vicks has a very good bargaining power as it is doing good in the market by satisfying the consumer expectation. 10. 7 Technological sophistication in industry. * Vicks is coming up with various technologies in packaging. Today people look for one product with various benefits other than individual products for different problems and their lies the success of medicated treatments. * These products are used for the cough, headache and throat pain and so the products should be designed very carefully with improved technology. * There are various products coming in the market and there are various biotechnologies coming up which is still a nourishing the industry. 10. 8 Rate of innovation in the industry. Rate of innovation is very low since the constituents of the products are more or less similar from the time it had been launched. Sales of Vicks Vaporub mainly depend on advertisements and promotions. 10. 9 General level of Management capability? * Mr. S. Khosla has been Managing Director of Procter & Gamble Hygiene & Health Care Limited since June 1, 2007 and also serves as its CEO. * He is a B. Tech (Mechanical Engg. ) with a post graduation in Business Management. * He has been with P&G since 1983 and was leading the AAI Health Care Global Business Unit and Special Global Projects. He has over the period gained valuable †¦ experience of overseeing P&G's international business in UK, Malaysia and Japan. Mr. Khosla serves as a Member of Advisory Board for India at Catalyst Inc. * He has been Additional director of Gillette India Limited since December 31, 2005. * He serves as Member of the Board of Governors at Advertising Standards Council of India. Mr. S. Khosla is very valuable to P&G ,he is been with P&G for the past 29 years and is the right person to lead both as a CEO of the company as well as Mana ging Director. He been rated among top CEO’s of our country in survey by The Economic Times. 11. 0 Competition 11. 1 Structure of our market. The Vaporub segment in the market is dominated by Vicks Vaporub in India. Vicks commands a market share of over 60% in the cold balm/rub category. This industry is already saturated and vicks already being a dominant it has few competitors on cold/rub market, mainly zandu balm and Amrutajan. however it has also lost a small amount of share to some of the unbranded products aswell. 11. 2 Comparing our product with that of the competitor based on the following parameters such as: A) Quality: Ratings with respect to competitor: -3-2-10+1 +23 Vicks Vaporub has endeared itself to the Indian consumer and finds its place in every Indian home due to its proven performance over the years against cold. The constituents of Vicks vaporub are natural ingredients such as eucalyptus Oil, Menthol and camphor which are safe for external application as a regular basis and provides relief from the symptoms of cold. B) Reputation in eyes of the customers: Ratings with respect to competitor: -3-2-10+1+2+3 Being product from a reputed company such as P & G, Vicks has gained its share of reputation in the eyes of the customers. In a consumer research conducted by P & G and market research firm NFO-MBL(National Family Opinion-Market Bureau Ltd. )consumers rated Vicks Vaporub comparatively higher on parameters such as ‘Fast Relief’ and ‘Long Lasting Relief’. In addition ,they also rated Vicks Vaporub significantly better on key product attributes stating that it is ‘less Greasy’ and ‘Smells Beter’ and almost 89% of the respondents rated Vicks Vaporub as ‘Better than any cold rub ever used C. Prices: Ratings with respect to competitor: -3-2-10+1+2+3 25ml Box of Zandu Balm costs Rs. 0. 00, However 25 ml box of Vicks cost just Rs38. 00, It’s is very evident that Vicks is priced comparatively very lower to its nearest competitor. D) New products launch/development: Ratings with respect to competitor: -3-2-10+1+2+3 There is no plans of launching new product from Vicks as of now and also Zandu has no plans of releasing any new product in the pain reli ef segment ,however they have launched a wide variety of products in category of general health either in the form of tablets or Syrup,which posses no threat to our product. 1. 3 What exactly do you think makes your succesful competitor successful? This question does not apply since we dominate the market by 60%. 11. 4 Identification of the main competitors. Its main competitors are Emami’s Zandu balm having a market share of 27% and amrutanjan with 10% share; however the rest of the share is occupied by other branded and unbranded competitors. Therefore Zandu balm is our major competitor although Zandu Balm is not meant technically understood as a part f the Vaporub Segment yet because of similar characteristics it does compete with Vaporub products in areas and thus it has to be provided for as a competitor in the Vaporub segment. 11. 5 Main competitor’s principal weakness. Principle weakness of Zandu balm is the high price and also a Balm is being positioned in consumers mind has stronger and therefore preferable only for adults. Whereas Vicks Vaporub which was positioned as rub for the child’s cold from the beginning has crept into evry household and is also being used by adults since then. 11. Do you anticipate any new competitors coming into your market in the near future? As it this Cold/rub segment of the market has already reached the maturity and more over Vicks Vaporub is dominant in this market with few competitors,its is very difficult for new entrants, As of now there is no anticipation for new c ompetitors. 11. 7 Changes in the competitive approaches our has major competitor made in the last 12 months. There is no such changes in the competitive approaches of Zandu balm, more over this product can be used promoted anytime in the year unlike Vicks Vaporub 11. How do you regularly track major competitors’ activities? The competitors activities can tracked through: * Websites-look at its home page to see if they have made changes to the way they describe their products and services. * News Columns * Trade Shows/Event Sponsorship 11. 9 The reasons customers buy from us:- 1. They want to feel better: * Alleviate symptoms from 4 primary conditions * Cure to cause 2. Low price sensitivity: * Generics are 30%-50% cheaper and have less than 10% share * There is perceived differentiation: this reduces customers’ price sensitivity 3. Convenience * Purchase from nearest store. 1. 10 The Buying process adopted by different customers you cater to? Its can purchased from nearest retail or medical store. 11. 11 Is there seasonality of buying your product(s). Yes our product thrives on seasonality. At the time of its launch vicks Vaporub had been promoted mainly as a winter remedy and had been pushed mostly in winter, simply because the incidence of cold was greatest in that season However later on research showed the people were equally susceptible to colds in the monsoon, Therefore to tap this opportunity, Vicks vapoub was also recommended as remedy for â€Å"monsoon cold†. 1. 12 How customers use the product? VapoRub can be applied to the chest or throat (for congestion relief)or back or to sore muscles (to increase circulation). (For external use only) Market Segmentation: Dividing a market into smaller groups with distinct needs, characteristics, or behaviors who might require separate products of marketing mixes. Variables that might be used in segmenting consumer markets are geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioral. What basis of Segmentation does P&G use to differentiate the Vicks? Geographic segmentation: Proctor and Gamble have existence in 80 countries worldwide where Vicks have its market and these includes countries from North and South America, Europe, Middle East, Asia and some countries of equatorial region. Pakistan, China, India and Russia are the major countries of Asia where proctor and gamble sold Vicks. Demographic Segmentation: Age: Vicks is used by almost all ages of people. Gender: Vicks is used by both males and females. Income: People of low income to people of high income can all afford Vicks. Psychographic Segmentation: Person belonging to any social class either he/she is from lower or even he/she is from higher and person of any life style and personality can use Vicks for cough, cold, flu, chest cold, chest congestion and sinus symptoms. Behavioral Segmentation: Vicks are often used by the people on special occasions when they are suffering from cough, cold, flu, chest cold, chest conjestion and sinus symptoms. Target segment: The target market for Vicks Vaporub is children. Knowing that the typical Indian family centered around the child and also realizing that the health of the child was the prime concern of the parent, Vicks Vaporubwas positioned as a rub for the Childs cold. This was felt to be the best way of getting it into the homes. Besides, this meant further distinguishes it from a balm, because a balm was much stronger and therefore preferred for adults, Vicks Vaporub’s Milder Formulation was suited for children. Positioning Vicks of Vaporub: In the early 1950’s when Richhardson Merrel first looked at it ,the balm market in india seemed promising for Vicks Vaporub. Since the†Balm Market† was fairly extensive in India, specially in south india ,the company expected little resistance to the introduction of the product. All that needed was to sell Vicks Vaporub as a balm. At that time balm market consisted of mainly four or five brands with amrutanjan as the accepted leader. The question was whether it should take a plunge against leader? or should it carve out itself a different niche? Whereas in rest of the parts of the world Vicks was positioned has a distinct position in other markets all over the world as â€Å"a rub for cold†. However technically the formula of Vicks Vaporub did not prevent its use as a multi-purpose ointment. The final decision was however to position it as a rub for cold. Though the company realized this definition would limit its use; nevertheless, it decided to go ahead as it would bring the product into sharper focus. Knowing that the typical Indian family centered around the child and also realizing that the health of the child was the prime concern of the parent, Vicks Vaporub was positioned as a rub for the Childs cold. This was felt to be the best way of getting it into the homes. Besides,this meant further distinguishes it from a balm, because a balm was much stronger and therefore preferred for adults,Vicks Vaporub’s Milder Formulation was suited for children. The company also knew that it would be very frustrating for parents when the child could not sleep and lay awake throughout the night . Therefore,while other Balms were used at all the times of the day, Vicks Vaporub was specifically positioned as a rub for a child’s cold to be used in night. Finally Vicks Vaporubwas positioned for use on the â€Å"nose, throat, chest, all over the back, â€Å"and this became the integral part of the Vaporub message. Though the positioning of Vicks Vapourb in india was very similar to whet was being done in other countries,a proper understanding of the Indian environment contributed substantially to the success of Vicks Vaporub. All over the world Vicks Vaporub had been promoted mainly as a winter remedy and had been pushed mostly in winter, simply because the incidence of cold was greatest in that season. This pattern was fallowed in india in the early stages. Later,research showed that people were equally susceptible to colds in monsoon. therefore, to tap this opportunity,Vicks Vaporub was recommended as a remedy for† monsoon cold† a special set of advertisement was built around this â€Å"monsoon cold†(getting wet in the rain,sneezing,cold, etc) RHL attributed the success of Vicks Vaporub in India to proper initial positioning having once introduced Vicks Vaporub into homes by appealing to the parents ‘concerns for the health of their child,its was later recommended for use by adults too. Years later after the product had already established in the Indian household, Brand managers made some modification in the original definition of Vicks Vaporub positioning has a multi-purpose ointment, for obvious reason of broadening the target group, besides research showed that adults were also using Vicks Vaporub,Futher,lay time use was also recommended. Even though some ingredients and attributes of Vicks Vaporub were similar to those of its competitors such as Zandu Balm and amrutanjan, differential advantages was secured through positioning strategy. It was differentiated by: (a) Target user:Child (b) Usage occasion: Colds (c) Manner and time of application: at night, on the nose, throat, chest and back. 15. 0 Product Mix of Vicks: VicksVapoRub-Is a Decongestant Vaporizing Ointment for topical use. – Ayurvedic medicine. Vicks CoughDrops-Is a Cough Drop that provides relief from throat irritation. Ayurvedic medicine. VicksAction500Extra-Is a Colds Medicine for relief of multiple cold symptoms such as blocked nose (nasal congestion), headache, bodyache, sore throat pain and associated lethargy. Vicks Inhaler- Inhaler for a feeling of relief from stuffy nose. Ayurvedic medicine. It is easy to carry in a pocket or purse. Provides fast and temporary feeling of relief from stuffy nose. Inhale deeply to make breathing feel clear and cool. Vicks VapoCool-This is the latest offering from Vicks in India. Launched in Oct 2011, it is a new premium throat drop specially formulated to provide 2 way relief which soothes the throat and relieves blocked nose at the same time. It is currently available in two flavours viz. Menthol & Peppermint. 5. 1 Is your business is dependent on one product or service for over 80 percent of profit. No, our business is not on one product; however our business mainly depends on Vicks Vaporub, Vicks Cough drops and followed by Vicks inhaler. 15. 2 How easy are your products or services to copy? Its is very easy to copy most of products of business, Moreover the product ingredients are well know ayurvedhic constituents. A research study by A. C. Nielsen int roduced that sales of Vicks look-alike products equaled the sales of the genuine brands. P & G initiated action against the manufacturers of look-alike Vicks Vaporub & Lozenges. Thecompany obtained an injunction from the court & with the assistance of court representatives & advocates. It conducted raids on the premise of the fake manufacturer  & sized products valued at Rs. 3. 5 million. These included look-alikes vaporising rubbing marketed under the brand name Vikas cough drops under the name Venus & aMenthol drop under the name Super plus 5 15. What is the extent of product differentiation you have achieved for your range of product/services? Over the years there has been a very minimal product differentiation in it products however Vicks caters mainly to cold and symptoms of it through most of its own products in different forms such as: Vaporub, Inhaler, cough drops, Capsules (Vicks Action 500) 15. 4 What proportion of your product/service range is in each phase of life cycle? The stage through which individual products develop over time is commonly known as â₠¬Å"product life cycle†. All of the products of Vicks has reached the maturity stage and also the industry has reached the maturity phase (i. e. ) most profit is earned by the market as a whole. At this stage Research and Development is likely to be restricted to product modification and improvement and perh aps to improve production efficiency and quality. Product(Industry) Life cycle: All the products and the industry has achieved Maturity. 15. 5 Do your product / services benefits match customer’s needs or are there gaps? List your products features and benefits and compare them to customer needs. First of all our product is not a feature based product, however some of the noteworthy features based on convenience sampling on sample size of 20 here are the results we obtained: Features: Quick Relief Benefits: Helps consumer get rid of cold symptoms very soon. Customer Needs: At time it is very frustrating for a person suffering from cold symptoms such as blocked nose or congested chest,and will be in need for product that reliefs such problems as soon as possible, consumers belive that Vicks helps them in such cases. Features :Quality Benefits: Trust on the product and its benefits Customer Needs: Consumers’ trust on the brand for their value for money and also free of any side affect. Features: Availability (Ease of purchase) Benefits: available at convenience of the customer. Customer Needs: Incase the customer is in urgent need of the product it can be available at the nearest retail or medical store. Such is the distribution channel of Vicks. 15. 6 How important is service, warranty and so on? No question about service or warranty 5. 7 How important is packaging? Packaging is important; however it has remained the same for many years with predominantly blue colour. 15. 8 How is your product perceived in relation to competitive offerings? Yourself(5) Major competitors(5) Price 4 2 Our product is very cheap compared to our major competitor. Eg: 25ml Box of Vicks Vaporub-Rs 38. 00, whereas 25ml box of zandu Balm Rs 70. 00 Performance 4 3 Packaging : 4 ( Attractive) 2 Reliability : 4 (especially for Children) 3 Durability : 4 (Best before 2 years) 3(Best before 18 months) Quality : 4 3 After sales service/ N/A N/A Maintenance N/A N/A Guarantees : N/A N/A Promotion/Advertising: During monsoon and winter Anytime of the year Image : 4 3 15. 9 What product modification and change have your competitors introduced in last one year. Recently Emami ltd. tarted reviving its over-the-counter (OTC) healthcare business under the Zandu brand through brand re-launches and investing in its distribution system, packaging and marketing campaign. Products like popular pain reliever Zandu Balm are being re-launched and price being increased. Pricing: * MRP of vicks vaporub is as fallows * 10 ml: Rs22 * 25 ml: Rs45 * 50ml:Rs 79 A profitable venture of Proctor & Gamble, Vicks Vaporub has established itself as a market leader in Vaporub segment and gives tough competition to certain products in other segments also. The distinct niche it has created in the market is because of the fact that the company realizes its position as a market leader and thus the formulation of policies accordingly. To speak of them, it is important to appreciate its inherent advantage as a Proctor & Gamble product. The fact is that P & G believes in exploiting its resources and putting them to their maximum usage. Their entire marketing strategy is based upon its principle (to speak exclusively in the Indian context) and thus they have only one marketing channel for all its products. This is to say that the same set of dealers for its products who market them all and thus the cost of marketing each product is saved in terms of distribution cost. The distribution channel follows five levels, give in detail below: * Manufacturer (P & G health and hygiene) * Super Distributer * Distributer * Dealer/Retailer * Customer Vicks Vaporub or for that matter no product of Vicks does not have a separate market channel for itself. All products are marketed by one single marketing channel, organized and regulated by one company namely, Proctor and Gamble Hygiene Products Ltd. The commission for each intermediatory is as follows. (i) Dealer – 16% (ii) Distributor – 4% (iii) Super Distributor – 1 – 1. 5% What is here important to note that the person who actually sells the product to the consumer gets the maximum i. e. 16% on the sale of the product The distributor, who makes the goods available to the dealer gets 4% i. e. one-forth of the share of the dealer Also this fact has to be understood in the light of the peculiar fact of the existence of a Super Distributor. In our context, this implies the actual link between the company and the distributors. Generally there are only One or two of super distributors in each state, depending upon the size and demand in the state. These super distributors are bulk distributors and actually account for the market building of Vicks or P & G products as any increase in market share of Vicks or and increase in demand in The market earns them handsome incentives for Vicks. Thus without actually getting into the hassles of dealing with local dealers and distributors, Vicks actually gets a higher share in market by using the area specific knowledge of these super distributors. (3. Another factor in this distribution channel is the presence of hoarders. Now these hoarders are none else but what we call as black marketers they are not specific to Vicks but in general hoard all products in the commodity segment especially the FMCGs. These cause great problems in the assessment of real demand of the consumers and the real consumption of the products. They store the goods in great bulks and lead to art ificial scarcity of products, thus raising the prices. P & G has found an effective reply to this situation by the Designing of their super distributor system. They being aware of the local peculiarities Effectively deal with the hoarding effect and do not allow the company to suffer on these counts. (4. ) The collection of order from the local dealers is a task left upon the MRs (Medical Representatives) who collect orders and report to the distributors, who also employ them for this purpose. The advantage of being an non prescribed drug, the cost of giving samples to the doctors is saved considerably. (5. ) Then again, the segregation of the orders received through MRs and direct orders is considerable. It is estimated that about 50 to 60 percent of the entire supply of Vicks Vaporub is through this MR route. The rest is in the form of direct purchase of the dealers (which comprises a significant portion of the sales volume) from the super distributor. In this manner, they not only gain on the count of the commission of the distributor but also get two fold advantage. First they can negotiate on whole sale prices on account of bulk purchase and secondly they can also negotiate upon the transport and delivery upon their own terms to them by the super distributor. 6. ) That Vicks does not count solely upon its share as a market leader. It is aware of the presence of other competitors and thus it has not remained static in terms of its promotional strategy and has also simultaneously been incumbent upon increasing its market share by indulging into intensive promotions strategies such as free Vicks Inhaler along with Vicks Vaporub, discounts, 20% extra on each pack of 50g. Each and oth er offers. Thus it has constantly tried to lure the consumers to stay with it while penetrating the market in to deeper. (7. Vicks has been posed as the Health Care Brand of P & G India. Through this, P & G has sought to present both its market leaders and having a distinct aim and objective and thus sought to gain recognition of the product in the eyes of the consumer. The effect, accordingly, has been that the consumers have sought to rely on Vicks as a part and parcel of their daily lives as such. In almost each and every household, a pack of Vicks Vaporub can be located. Customer Price sensitivity Vicks Vaporub comes in three types of packs * 10 ml: Rs22 * 25 ml: Rs45 * 50ml:Rs 79 As per our interview with retailer the most preferred of these is the 25ml pack, An average of 10 packs will gets sold every week in a particular store. Vicks vaporub is the market leader in this segment; however the nearest competitor is Zandu balm which is very expensive comapared to Vicks Vaporub. 25ml pack of Zandu Balm is priced at Rs70. Vicks Vaporub has very hardcore loyalty among customers, It is in very rare situation that incase Vicks Vaporub is not available the customers go Zandu Balm or Amrutanjan Customer price sensitivity plays a very minimal role in this case. For example: If the price of 25 ml pack Vick Vaporub is increased by 10%, the resulting price of Rs49. 5 is still very low compared to its nearest competitor Zandu Balm which is priced at Rs70. The price of Vicks Vaporub will still remain lesser that of Zandu Balm even if the prices of Vicks Vaporub is increased by 50% at the present situation. Promotional mix of Vicks Vaporub: Advertisement through radio, television and other kinds of media such as facebook and twitter along with, promotions are primary promotional mix for Vicks Vaporub. Media Plan & message: Vicks Vaporub: â€Å"We don’t sell Vicks Vaporub, we sell mother’s love. Over the years, Vicks has launched various heart-tugging ad campaigns that have struck an emotional chord and left an impact of love and care for which the brand stands. According to a P;G spokesperson, â€Å"Ever since its launch in India in 1952, Vicks Vaporub was strategically positioned as a child cold rub, and all communication to consumers, employees, trade etc. has always centered round the mother child loving relationship. † The brand surely reigns supreme on the trust parameter, which no competitor can take away from Vicks. The effect, accordingly, has been that the consumers have sought to rely on Vicks as a part and parcel of their daily lives as such. In almost each and every household, a pack of Vicks Vaporub can be located. And what is important to note is that where it is not present, consumers still refer the other ointments (which they use) as Vicks only. By this it can be understood as to how dominating the effect of Vicks has been. Vicks VapoRub has endeared itself to the Indian consumer and finds its place in every Indian home, due to its proven performance over the years against cold. According to the company P;G, â€Å"We don’t sell Vicks VapoRub, we sell mother’s love. The Vicks portfolio caters to different consumer needs and Vicks has become an integral part of every home and family in India. The consumer-brand relationship has been built over many years of trust and care and Vicks has lived up to its promise of a superior quality cough and cold relief product that consumers can enjoy for another fifty years and many more, to come. Vicks will last as long as Mother’s love lasts. † Present media plan for vicks vaporub: Background: As per 2010-2011 annual report, The Vicks Cough Drops business had an excellent Year, with the brand growing at 18%. The growth was driven by increased investment on proven advertising and driving awareness of flavors by using other relevant touch points for the Brand like radio and wall-painting, which increased consumption further. Given the passion for cricket among its consumers, the Brand also executed a first ever cricket focused program with the launch of ‘Vicks Cricket Jockey Hunt’ spread over 16 top cities in the Country. A penchant for talking incessantly and passion or the cricket†¦ let the jockeying begin! Vicks Cough Drops announced the launch of the nation's first ever Cricket Jockey Hunt – a unique concept that sweeps the nation in search of the ultimate cricket fan who conveys his passion for the sport in his wittiest and quirkiest best! Gracing the event with their presence were none other than two of Indian cricket's most famous and distinct ive personalities – Harsha Bhogle ; Mandira Bedi. All of us in our day to day lives have experienced throat irritation which may appear minor at the outset but has an indelible impact. Fortunately, Vicks Cough Drops has been our trusty companion providing long lasting relief from throat irritation. As Vicks Cough Drops arms people with the thrilling equipment of being able to talk for long hours, the Cricket Jockey Hunt aims to bring forth the scintillating combination of jockeying with the nation's passion cricket. Speaking about the Vicks Cricket Jockey Hunt, Harsha Bhogle said, â€Å"The Vicks Cricket Jockey Hunt is a distinctive platform for all cricket fans that have an inclination and skill for cricket to come forward and explore their talents. There is huge potential in our country and I urge all those who have the skill set to participate. This is a platform that I could only wish was available back in my day. I am very anxious about the contest and look forward to mentoring the participants. † Each week the contestant will go through a series of eliminations to reach the final levels of the Top 8 followed by the Top 3 followed by the grand declaration of the Ultimate Vicks Cricket Jockey in each of these 16 cities. However Vicks VapoRub had a continued strong volume growth driven by continued focus on the successful ‘blanket of warmth’ advertising via augmented media spend and on our ongoing strategy of upsizing consumers to drive consumption. However this year Vicks has come up with very innovative campaign on its face book page: Vicks India that claims to be the No. 1 brand for cough and cold, is on a mission to create the ultimate anthem for India’s cricket team and wants the community to be a part of it. Brands are forever catching up on the cricket fever in a nation of cricket fanatics. With the T20 World Cup round the corner, Vicks India has commenced on the creation of an anthem to cheer the Indian team called ‘Cheer for Champions’. ‘Cheer for Champions’ is an endeavour to unite all of India in their support of the national cricket team. Currently in the process of being composed by much sought after music composer, Ranjit Barot, Vicks India also wants the community to be a part of it. For when one voice has power, you can imagine what a whole nation united by a single cheer could do. And for adding to the cheer, fans can expect exciting incentives – 25 surprise gift hampers and if you submit your cheer in a group of 5, 2 of the best group video submissions can win a trip to the T20 World Cup in Sri Lanka! ‘Cheer for Champions’ can be accessed on a neat and comprehensive Facebook app on the Vicks India page with four tabs – Home, Submit your Cheer, Gallery and About the Anthem. A user who lands up on the Home page can find all about the anthem and what’s in it for him/her. The countdown to the anthem is displayed on a live ticker in terms of days, hours and minutes left. The submission showcase displays a gallery of selected submissions made to the anthem as entries are subject to moderation so as to avoid the use of strong language. You can submit a cheer in whatever way you wish to show your passion – a yell, a scream, a chorus, a song! There are 3 ways to submit your entry: Record through your webcam, Record on audio clip or Upload an audio or video file of not more than 30 seconds duration. You can keep watching the ‘about the anthem’ tab for ongoing developments around the anthem. About the ‘Cheer for champions’ anthem The concept of creating an anthem to cheer for the nation is not all that great but getting your community to join in is. It helps bring in the social aspect into this campaign. Roping in the community to create an anthem, a community song or an ad jingle is the trend now. Its also reminds us of a similar campaign launched in the beginning of this year to salute real life heroes. Hero MotoCorp had launched the ‘Billion Voices’ campaign along with A. R. Rahman, where fans were invited to upload a video with them singing the ‘Hum mein hain hero‘ jingle and get a chance to feature in the final video. Apart from the campaign a new advertisement was released recently ,given the passion for cricket among the Indian users,none other than Virat Kohli was roped in for the advertisement, only this time it was for both Vicks cough syrup as well as for vicks vaporub. Given that Vicks Vaporub is not only used by children but adults as well ,roping in Virat kohli will be another strategic move in promotional mix by including the game cricket in its message. The VapoRub segment in the market is dominated by Vicks VapoRub in India. Vicks commands a market share of over 60% in the cold balm/rub category. This industry is already saturated and Vicks already being a dominant it has few competitors on cold/rub market, mainly zandu balm and Amrutajan. however it has also lost a small amount of share to some of the unbranded products as well. Competitors Its main competitors are Emami’s Zandu balm having a market share of 27% and amrutanjan with 10% share, however the rest of the share is occupied by other branded and un branded competitors. Therefore Zandu balm is our major competitor although Zandu Balm is not meant technically understood as a part of the VapoRub Segment yet because of similar characteristics it does compete with VapoRub products in areas and thus it has to be provided for as a competitor in the VapoRub segment PEST ANALYSIS: Political factor: We all know that ‘OTC Drugs' in common jargon means drugs which are legally allowed to be sold Over the Counter without the prescription of a Registered Medical Practitioner. The term is clumsy and creates a wrong impression about the official status of the drugs. In India, import, manufacture for sale and the sale and distribution of drugs and cosmetics is regulated by the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and its subordinate legislation Drugs and Cosmetics Rules, 1945. The phrase ‘Over the Counter' and its abbreviation ‘OTC' preparations have no legal recognition and are better referred to as ‘non-prescription drugs' and/or as ‘household remedies', even if there is any problem with respect to any product of Vicks VapoRub the p&g will take care of it literally.. Economic factors: Factors such as tax increase or fuel price fluctuation will affect the business or allow competition to creep in, However Vicks has tackled such problems in the past by considerably reducing its cost of marketing and distribution. Moreover the loyal customers will still buy it not only because it is comparatively lesser priced but because they know it is quality, best value for price the pay to buy it Social factors: When used as directed, the over-the-counter cold remedy Vicks VapoRub is generally considered to be safe. Mayo Clinic's Dr. Jay L. Hoecker regards Vicks VapoRub as a harmless remedy, but notes a lack of conclusive evidence to support its folk use as a nasal decongestant. The active ingredients in Vicks VapoRub include menthol, camphor and eucalyptus oil, which are natural products associated with few side effects. Nevertheless, Vicks VapoRub may trigger complications if it is used incorrectly. In a January 2009 report, the American College of Chest Physicians cited a case-report involving an 18-month-old girl who experienced near-fatal respiratory problems after inhaling Vicks VapoRub. Technological factor Rate of innovation is very low, since the constituents of the products are more or less similar from the time it had been launched. Sales of Vicks VapoRub mainly depend on advertisements and promotions. These products are used for the cough, headache and throat pain and so the products should be designed very carefully with improved technology. There are various products coming in the market and there are various biotechnologies coming up which is still a nourishing the industry Growth rate According to a survey done by ORG IMS estimate the OTC market in india would show rates of about 10-12%, Of the entire OTC market the segment for cough, cold and fever show the least of about 1%. Marketing mix Vicks VapoRub is a product that has already reached maturity stage of its product life cycle in segment where the industry also has reached maturity stage. The marketing mix during this stage involves efforts to build customer loyalty, typically accomplished with special promotions and incentives to customers who switch from a competitor to our brand. Core Competency: Favorable quality perceptions associated with the Vicks brands. Given the absence of verifiable information that customers can interpret, customers use brands to form inferences about product quality. Vicks’ favorable quality perceptions result from the following cues (each of which are hard for new entrants to mimic): †¢ Age of brand †¢ Market share †¢ Amount of advertising †¢ Your mother rubbing it on your chest Well-established sales force and distribution †¢ Comparative advantage in food distribution outlets and mass merchandisers †¢ Not valuable in segments that shop in other markets Demand information – Cash †¢ But competitors also have cash. Key success factors: Vicks VapoRub has to encash the factors making it competitively superior i. e. (i) safe and effective, (ii) as a product which can be used regularly and has no side effects, (iii) is easier to carry, (iv) has a quick effect, (v) has a external application and thus has no side effects, (vi) is useful for all ages, (vii) is less greasy and smells better (than other products of the same type) . New Market Existing | | | | New Product Existing Product: Product is remained the same for many years with minimal changes, however it should remain to continue the way it is, given below is Ansoff matrix for Vicks s,currently all of the products are doing well with cough drops having 18% growth last year. Vicks VapoRub lies category of Old product and old market. we have to either find methods to increase market penetration at this stage ,mainly we have to concentrate on promotions as well. More over we can find the possibilities of introduction of new product or re-launch of existing product with new product modifications. Vicks offers product for relief from cold and its symptoms through various product forms such as in the form of Vaporub,capsules,Inhaler, Cough Drops, However Vicks was also offered in the form of liquid know as Vicks cough formula 44,However the product failed and it was dropped from Vick’s product portfolio. Hence we have the competency of offering Vicks in the form of liquid as well by relaunching a new product itself once again. On further survey we can judge the feasibility of implementation for such a product. Price: Increased demand from Parma and other consuming industries mainly have been the cause for the recent increase the prices of menthol which is a major ingredient of Vicks Vaporub . The increased prices of Menthol will surely have affect on the cost of production of Vicks Vaporub. Factors such as tax increase or fuel price fluctuation will affect the business or allow competition to creep in, However Vicks has tackled such problems in the past by considerably reducing its cost of marketing and distribution. Moreover the loyal customers will still buy it not only because it is comparatively lesser priced but because they know it is quality, best value for price the pay to buy it. We would recommend Vicks to continue with its current prices, As per our interview with dealers majority of the people who purchased vicks vaporub preferred the 25-ml box costing Rs 45,moreover there was an average sale of atleast 10 boxes per week at places we interviewed . Channel: Vicks VapoRub or for that matter no product of Vicks does not have a separate market channel for itself. All products are marketed by one single marketing channel, organized and regulated by one company namely, Proctor and Gamble Hygiene Products Ltd The commission for the dealer for sale of one product at as per secondary data was found to be up to about 16%,however the dealers we interviewed that they get above 10% We would like to recommend Vicks Vaporub should continue to give the margin of 10%-16% to the dealers. This shall protect them against the inducement of the manufacturers of local and unbranded products to sell their products Promotion: As monsoon rains are already set in and winter about to begin in very soon, Vicks VapoRub must concentrate more on promotions. The primary promotional mix of advertisement through television and radio should be continued along with use of new media such as facebook and twitter for a two way interaction with the consusmers, that also helps in providing feedback to the company as well to measure the results of a particular online promotions or campaign. The recent â€Å"Cheers for Champ† is catching on heat with the T20 world cup around the corner. .

Light in the shadow of jihad: the struggle for truth

IntroductionThe world needs to learn to understand each other’s faith and belief and respect it in every way.  Following the September eleventh tragedy, Christians face the dilemma of comprehending the truths of the tragedy and responding to it in a Christian way. That dilemma is answered through deep study and understanding Islam guided by the bible and prophesies contained in it. America and the world must realize that God fulfills his purpose frequently through disasters.With the tragedy, a lot of essential questions arose: Is terrorism the true focus of Islam? Is god absent in such disasters?As America mourned, some celebrated. It is true that some people may think that they are terrorists but some may think they are freedom fighters. The belief that actions can be justified politically has been going on for years. Politicization of morality has given an opportunity to justify actions politically and one it is done, it could be morally accepted as well (Lyon). Other demo cratic nations believe that the individual is the arbiter of right and wrong. But some like Bin Laden thinks differently.Faith is the basis of morality but at the same time it is the root of relativism in every means to establish one religion. This makes their inconsistencies evident. If moral agnosticism is the absolute of relativism, how come relativism tells us that no one can discern right from wrong?  On the other hand, the attackers have spent their last hours with prostitutes in night clubs. If their absolute is Islam, why spend their last night to satisfy their sexual needs instead of their spiritual needs?Zacharias’ BookRavi suggested in his book, Light in the Shadow of Jihad: The Struggle for Truth, five major questions that prevail in people’s mind after the September 11 Bombing. These questions are: Did the terrorists’ action portray a true Islam belief? What can state and church do in shaping the outlook of people on religion and how does it affec t the culture of the nation?Did the incident illustrate an Islamic tradition or such only undermine the religion of Islam? Were there any known predictions that such phenomenon would actually occur? What is the implication of such incident to the world and to the Future?  Moreover, He implicitly asked how God views the incident (Zacharias). Was God in favor of what happened? Why did He allow such violence take place? These were few of the questions directed to question the inclination God towards the 9/11 Bombing.Osama Bin Laden; A Protagonist or an Antagonist?Discernment begins with intuition. But as everybody knows, may often be wrong. Like for instance, Osama Bin Laden’s intuition has failed him (Zacharias). After 9/11, he deliberately complained about the bloodshed in Afghanistan. The bloodshed has suddenly become too reprehensible for Bin Laden. Intuition is simply not enough bases for discernment. Therefore, reasoning must come to place. But how do we move from intuit ion to reasoning? Relativist has said that reason could not move us to morality and that people are not capable of discerning right from wrong simply because right or wrong does not exist. Morality derived from intuition then become in conflict with morality derived from reasoning (Zacharias).As these conflicts arise, a need to go back to the foundation of morality is in place. The society merely recognizes that need. It is urgent and must be taken into consideration.Bin Laden, has his own way of looking at and discerning of the Islamic belief and tradition. Likewise, he has his own way of interpreting the codes of conduct or the morality included and written in the Quran. If his decision failed him, then logically, somehow his knowledge and interpretation of the Quran may be different from the original message of it.Muslim, Islam, Allah and the 9/11 BombingSeptember 11 terrorists thought or believed that their action is Allah’s will (Zacharias). While other Muslims think it is corrupted Islam. If such difference of belief exists among Muslims, what does other people from other beliefs to believe?Is terrorism a fruit of an Islamic worldview or a fruit of socio economic situation? People then must examine Islam to answer this urgent question. As discussed in the book, Islam is a religion which originated from Muhammed. It was through military invasion that Islam was spread out. After the death of Muhammed without a heir or successor, Islam movement was divided (Zacharias).In this time of division, some readings of Quran were destroyed. Thus, this incident becomes a controversy among critics for they think that textual tampering took place. Four sources of Quran accounts and history after the incident emerged- the Hadith, the Sunna, the Sira, and the Tafsir (Zacharias). But different sects of Islam have different levels of importance to these sources. This is an evidence why Muslims, most of the time, are not unanimated in terms of opinion, actions or met hods within their religion today. In this situation, Muslims rely on abrogation. But in this method, another problem arises. Which Quran readings abrogate other Quran readings? Differences among Muslims arise even more. Some Muslims persecute Christians to the point of killing them. There have been several reports about it. Like 9/11 tragedy is persecution to Christians (Muhammad). It is extreme and unfair.Educators has attempted to have an in-depth study of Islam but has met resistance with Muslim leaders. There is a chance that they are trying to manipulate the minds of other Muslims. What could be derived from Islamic history?There exists a major confusion among Muslims about their religion. This confusion is primarily caused by the division that is still evident today. From this as well, we can safely say that not all Muslims agree to violence (Zacharias). Organizing and restudying of Islam is urgently needed by Muslims.Christianity and the War of the Religious FaithsWhat about in Christianity? Is it not in any way predicted or prophesied by the bible? Throughout history, the prophesies in the bible has come to pass. As for example, in the book of Daniel about Babylon, Nebuchadnezzar had a problem about a statue which has four different parts.   It was a dream that Daniel had to interpret. Daniel explained to Nebuchadnezzar that it concerns kingdoms (Muhammad). The first kingdom would overcome the kingdom before them until it reach the fourth. These came to pass as prophesied. Jesus conquered human history without any political agenda. According to theologians, God is there but his presence is not obvious. This is called â€Å"the hiddenness of God†   (Muhammad). Atheist, on the other hand, thinks that if God would manifest himself, they would believe he exists. Other Christians sometimes wish so too.As Muslims persecute Christians, Christians persecute Muslims as well (Muhammad). After 9/11, Muslims faced everyday the discrimination against the m. Every Muslim is perceived to be a terrorist (Lyon). What does that say about Christianity? What is the difference between Muslims and Christians with this king of discrimination?This desire to see God tells more about us than about God. We turn to God when we have no one or nowhere to turn to and questions him when are needs are not met. This happens because of our tendency to rely on our intellect and the continuous nurturing of our minds with knowledge. Deep inside each of us yearns for rational evidence.  With Christians, faith varies but same beliefs are evident. A true relationship with God is when we begin to relate to him in both our ups and downs. God has a purpose. He intends to have us trust him and submit our lives to him in the midst of tragedy.Religion and the FutureThe world is suffering from lack of critical minds in relation to worldviews (Lyon). We are corrupted with so much information, too many voices. But it will never be enough for people top just listen to them and absorb everything. It is important for people to filter it before accepting it as true.The world should put to use faith as a basis of morality. Intuition and Reasoning is not enough. We should put to use the basis of religion as the solid ground of morality in our society. Religion may vary but it is sure the most solid, even if it may be inconsistent, foundation for morality.Respect for other culture and religion must be evident in every individual for the betterment of humanity. We may live in a democratic society but still discrimination is still evident. We must realize and accept that our religion or faith varies. Respect comes from understanding and learning each others cultures. Learning from the experience and moving on from it is in need. It is a challenge for everyone to understand each other. It is time for us to move on from the tragedy. It is time to move on from the corrupted and discriminating society that we are today. Let us move on and be better.Works Ci ted:Lyon, David. Surveillance after September 11 . Blackwell Publishing Limited , 2003.Muhammad, Elijah. Christianity Versus Islam. Secretarius Memps Publications , 1997.Zacharias, Ravi. Light in the Shadow of Jihad: The Struggle for Truth . Multnomah , 2002.